Workers at Mexican Oil Company will receive a health incentive of almost $300 a year if they meet certain body weight standards. To qualify for the bonus,  19  they must maintain a healthy weight. For those who are overweight or obese, they can receive the bonus if they reduce their weight by 10% during the year. Some applaud the policy as fair, because it rewards both individuals who maintain a healthy weight and those who are working towards achieving it.  20  But critics say the policy contradicts recommendations by many health experts who warned that a person's weight is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. That means weight can be hard for individuals to control, which makes the bonus unfair.
Some experts say the policy is inconsistent with the science of what we know about body weight regulation. These experts argue that focusing on weight is the wrong approach.  21  A more productive method of encouraging health among employees is to promote healthy behaviors. For example, companies can give workers gym memberships, or encourage participation in lectures on healthy eating and living. They can also reduce sweets and provide healthier snacks in the office and healthier meals at the company canteen. Or they can give employees more time during their lunch break to exercise. These are much better and much more productive ways for companies to move forward on their employees' wellbeing.

如果墨西哥石油公司的员工达到一定的体重标准，他们一年将获得近300美元的健康奖励。为了有资格获得奖金， 19  他们必须保持健康的体重。对于那些超重或肥胖的员工，如果他们在一年内将体重减少10％，也可以获得奖金。一些人称赞这项政策很公平，因为它既奖励了那些保持健康体重的人，也奖励了那些正在为健康体重努力的人。 20  但批评者称，该政策与许多健康专家的建议相矛盾，专家们警告说一个人的体重会受基因和环境因素的影响。这也就意味着个人体重很难控制，导致奖金有失公平。
一些专家表示，这项政策与我们所熟知的关于控制体重的科学不一致。这些专家认为，关注体重问题是一种错误的做法。 21  鼓励员工保持健康，更有效的方法是鼓励他们养成健康的行为习惯。例如，公司可以给员工办理健身房的会员，或者鼓励他们参加关于健康饮食和健康生活的讲座。他们还可以减少办公室里甜食的供应，将其改换成更加健康的零食，同时让公司食堂提供的膳食更加健康。或者，他们也可以延长员工的午餐休息时间，让他们有更多的时间来锻炼。这些都是公司改善员工福利可以采用的更好的、更有成效的方式。

19. 谁将有资格获得墨西哥石油公司的奖金？

A) 符合其体重标准的员工。

B) 能在一年内减掉30磅体重的员工。

C) 最努力减肥的员工。

D) 那些身材最苗条的员工中排名前10%的人。

20. 批评者对墨西哥石油公司的奖金政策有何看法？

A) 不切实际的。

B) 反复无常的。

C) 难以管理的。

D) 不公平的。

21. 专家建议公司如何改善员工的福利？

A) 给他们更丰厚的奖金。

B) 改善工作环境。

C) 鼓励健康的行为。

D) 提供免费的午餐和零食。